However, if the treasure was found fortuitously, and not by deliberate search, on another person's land, half went to the finder and half to the owner of the land, who might be the emperor, the fiscus (public treasury), the city, or some other proprietor. Under the emperors, if treasure was found on a person's own land or on sacred or religious land, the finder was entitled to keep it. Lee, in his book The Elements of Roman Law (4th ed., 1956), commented that this definition was "not quite satisfactory" as treasure was not confined to money, nor was there any abandonment of ownership.
In Roman law, treasure trove was called thesaurus ("treasure" in Latin), and defined by the Roman jurist Paulus as " vetus quædam depositio pecuniæ, cujus non extat memoria, ut jam dominum non habeat" (an ancient deposit of money, of which no memory exists, so that it has no present owner). 22v detail regarding the treasure trove, starting with red initial A ( Middle Low German): " Al schat under der erden berauen deper den en ploch geyt de hort to derer conicliken walt." ( Everything lying deeper in the ground than the range of a plowshare, belongs to the king.) Roman law In the case of treasure trove, the typical plural form is almost always treasure troves, with treasures trove found mostly in historical or literary works. ") or as fully rederived plural forms (such as ". Phrases of this form are often used either with the etymologically correct plural form (for example, "Courts-martial deal with serious offences. Treasure trove is therefore akin to similar Anglo-French or Anglo-French-derived legal terms whereby a post-positive adjective in a noun phrase (contrary to standard English syntax) has been reanalysed as a compound noun phrase, as in court martial, force majeure, and Princess Royal. Trove is often used alone to refer to the concept, the word having been reanalysed as a noun via folk etymology from an original Anglo-French adjective trové (cognate to the French past participle trouvé, literally "found"). The term treasure trove is often used metaphorically to mean a "valuable find", and hence a source of treasure, or a reserve or repository of valuable things. The term wealth deposit has been proposed as a more accurate alternative. In 15th-century English the Anglo-French term was translated as "treasure found", but from the 16th century it began appearing in its modern form with the French word trové anglicized as trovey, trouve or trove. The English term treasure trove was derived from tresor trové, the Anglo-French equivalent of the Latin legal term thesaurus inventus. Treasure trove, sometimes rendered treasure-trove, literally means "treasure that has been found". This was especially fashionable for titles of children's books in the early- and mid-20th century. Collections of articles published as a book are often titled Treasure Trove, as in A Treasure Trove of Science. The term is also often used metaphorically. The legal definition of what constitutes treasure trove and its treatment under law vary considerably from country to country, and from era to era. An archaeological find of treasure trove is known as a hoard. A hilt fitting from the Staffordshire hoard, which was declared to be treasure in September 2009 Property lawĪ treasure trove is an amount of money or coin, gold, silver, plate, or bullion found hidden underground or in places such as cellars or attics, where the treasure seems old enough for it to be presumed that the true owner is dead and the heirs undiscoverable.
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